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Bank of America

FX Outlook 2026: Structural Dollar Headwinds

LIVE5 December 2025USD bearish
5 December 2025USD BEARISH
Lead Analysts:Athanasios Vamvakidis, Claudio Piron

Performance Snapshot

0
On Track
0
Off Track
19
Forecasts
14
Active Trades
+0.0%
Total P&L
0.0%
Avg Progress

DXY

100.2

Target: 93.5

EUR/USD

1.15

Target: 1.22

USD/JPY

157

Target: 147

USD Bias

BEARISH

DXY Forecast Path

USD Sensitivity Analysis

US twin deficit deterioration
+1%pt widening in combined fiscal & current account deficit
-1.5 to 2% on USD TWI
European fiscal expansion
German €1tn infrastructure plan fully implemented
+3-4% on EUR/USD
Fed-ECB rate differential
-50bp narrowing in Fed-ECB spread
+1.5% on EUR/USD
EM portfolio inflows
+$50bn net EM portfolio inflows
-1 to 1.5% on USD vs EM basket
Oil price shock
+$20/bbl rise in Brent crude
+2% on NOK, CAD; -1% on INR, TRY

Top Currency Pairs

8 pairs
PairDirectionStatusSpotLiveTrendDec 26vs Spotvs Live
TRYSell TRY--42.45--51-16.8%--
HUFBuy HUF--332--292+13.7%--
PLNBuy PLN--3.67--3.28+11.9%--
SEKBuy SEK--9.54--8.65+10.3%--
NOKBuy NOK--10.25--9.35+9.6%--
ZARBuy ZAR--17.31--15.8+9.6%--
AUDBuy AUD--0.64--0.7+9.4%--
KRWBuy KRW--1477--1370+7.8%--

Explore Report Sections

Macro Trade Themes

Structural Dollar Headwinds

Twin deficits weigh on USD

The US twin deficit -- fiscal and current account -- continues to widen, creating structural headwinds for the dollar. Capital inflows that previously supported the USD are rotating toward Europe and Asia as relative growth differentials narrow and the Fed easing cycle progresses.

European Renaissance

EUR/NOK/SEK on fiscal stimulus

Europe's fiscal pivot, led by Germany's historic infrastructure program, is transforming the growth outlook for EUR-linked currencies. Scandinavian FX benefits from high beta to European growth, with NOK and SEK poised for significant appreciation as fiscal multipliers kick in through 2026.

EM High Beta

Long ZAR, BRL carry

High-yielding EM currencies with improving fundamentals offer attractive carry and capital appreciation potential. ZAR benefits from commodity terms of trade and fiscal improvement, while BRL carry remains compelling despite election-year volatility.

Asia Rebalancing

Long KRW, INR on trade flows

Asian currencies are undervalued relative to their trade surpluses and improving capital flows. KRW benefits from WGBI inclusion flows and tech cycle recovery, while INR is supported by RBI reserve accumulation slowing and portfolio inflows improving.

Yen Tactical Recovery

JPY from carry unwind

The yen is the most undervalued G10 currency on PPP and REER metrics. As the BoJ normalizes policy and global carry trades face headwinds from lower rate differentials, JPY is positioned for a tactical recovery. The carry unwind risk is asymmetric and could trigger sharp moves.